Reading G12 U11 WB P76 The Morning Star - قراءة درس / مترجم Jordan

يمكنك متابعة كل دروس الصف الثاني عشر الفترة الدراسية الثانية من خلال قائمة التشغيل بالرابط التالي /watch/mypGr12Q3_pOmmacEkyw1bk8lgfWHXnrLP=tsil&EEdSw4L1aOh1G ------ Grade 12 Unit 11 Workbook Reading Page 76 The morning star. (A) Venus is the brightest object in the sky with the exception of the sun and the moon. However, it is only perceivable from the Earth three hours before sunrise and three hours after sunset. For this reason people have given Venus the epithets ‘the morning star’ and ‘the evening star’. It is the second planet from the sun. (B) Because the surface of the planet is completely obscured by clouds, it is very difficult for scientists to study Venus from the earth, so the vast majority of our information about this planet comes from spacecraft. The first flight to investigate Venus was by Mariner 2, which the Americans launched in 1962. The most significant information comes from probes, which the spacecraft dispatches to scrutinise the surface of the planet. A probe is a small spacecraft that documents information and transmits it back to Earth. The Russians have also sent spacecraft and probes to Venus. (c) Some people contend that Venus is the earth’s sister planet because there are many similarities between the two. They are comparable in size and are approximately the same age. However, there is also much contrast between Venus and the Earth. Venus is devoid of oceans and has a very heavy atmosphere, 96.5% of which is composed of carbon dioxide. Because the atmosphere is so heavy, Venus has an extremely high surface temperature 459 degree Celsius. A Venusian day is equal to 243 Earth days. This is longer than its year, which is equivalent to 225 Earth days. (D) On June 8, 2004, Venus passed between the Sun and the Earth. People witnessed a large black spot moving across the sun. The previous tie this occurred was in 1882.

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